Kurulus Osman Season 4 In Urdu Subtitles By Makki Play | Makki Play com | Makki Play xyz | Usman, a just and energetic tribal leader and military commander, lent his name to his small realm which dominated world affairs for nearly seven centuries.
Osman I, also known as Osman Ghazi, was the founder of the Ottoman Empire, i.e. the first of the sultans. He was born in 1258 in the town of Soght, located in the modern-day northwestern province of Beljcek, which was then close to the Byzantine border.
The fact that he was born in the same year that the Mongols destroyed the Abbasid Empire was an interesting coincidence that gave hope for the future. He was the youngest of the three sons of Ertugrul Ghazi.
Kurulus Osman Season 4 In Urdu Subtitles By Makki Play
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| Kurulus Osman Season 4 In Urdu Subtitles By Makki Play |
He participated in fights with his father from a young age. During his father's reign, he went into battle seven or eight times as an army commander. This is why he was given the title "Ghazi", which means experienced soldier in Turkish, and he was popular among the soldiers from a young age. Ertugrul Ghazi sent him several times as a representative to the sultan of the Seljuk Empire of Rome in Konya, where he met with the rulers of the state and the nobles of the Mevlevi order.
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He had a dream one night when he was a guest at the lodge of the Muslim scholar Sheikh Adibali in Blake in 1277. In the dream, a moon came out from the Sheikh's chest and entered Hazrat Uthman's chest. Then the branches of the aerial tree started coming out from Usman's navel and its shadow surrounded the whole world. Streams flowed and people wandered in its shadow. The Shaykh interpreted this dream when Uthman told him about it the next day: "God has blessed you and your descendants with a long reign. You marry my daughter. Your children will be conquerors of the world." shall be."
Thus Usman Ghazi married the Sheikh's daughter. Sheikh Adibali, said to be a descendant of the Prophet of Islam, was the first mufti of the Ottoman Empire.
Seljuk heir
After Ertugrul Ghazi's death in 1281, Osman Ghazi was brought to power by military chiefs and guild leaders despite his young age. Thus, he became the head of the small belik (principle) between Söğüt and Domaniç thanks to his good morals, strength, bravery and high knowledge. The Seljuq sultan sent him a farman (decree) confirming his kingdom. He continued his father's mission and got along well with his neighbors, the Byzantine chieftains and governors known as Tekfors.
Kurulus Osman Season 4 In Urdu Subtitles By Makki Play
One day, Osman Ghazi heard from a spy about an ambush by Inegöl and Karachahisar's tech force. He accepted the battle in 1284 at Ermenbeli, near present-day Anegal in northwestern Turkey, but Osman withdrew when his nephew was killed. All his troops were infantry and this was the first military operation of the Ottoman Empire. The following year, he conquered Kalachahisar, a district near Ermenbeli, to avenge the ambush and begin his northward expansion. This is the first victory in Ottoman history.
He defeated the conspiracy of Karachahisar and Inegöl tekfurs by the victory at the Battle of Ekizce in 1288. His brother was martyred in the battle, which brought Eskişehir under Belek. After this victory, the Seljuk sultan used as symbols a tuğ (a pole with horse or yak tail hair arranged in a round shape that served as the Seljuk flag), a tabl (drum traditional form of) and sent a furman (royal decree). of autonomy. Osman Ghazi then ordered a military band to play for one hour every day at noon and they stood for the duration of the concert in honor of the Sultan. This tradition of standing during concerts continued until the time of Sultan Muhammad II, also known as Fateh Mahmud.
He appointed a qazi (judge) in Karacahisar (today a suburb of Eskişehir), which he conquered in 1289. The name of Usman Ghazi began to be mentioned in Friday sermons along with the Abbasid Caliph and the Seljuq Sultan. A silver coin was minted in the name of Usman Ghazi. Since these were symbols of sovereignty, a true state was being established. However, Osman Ghazi continued his respect and devotion to the Seljuk Sultan, despite appearances. The Ottoman Empire had the status of an independent province.
A wedding gift
He foiled the plot of Black and Yarhisar's takfors by a trick. Tekfor of Belisk was married to the daughter of Tekfor of Yarshar. He also invited Usman Ghazi to the wedding. Their aim was to kill him by surprise. Tekfur of Harmankia informed his friend Usman Ghazi about this conspiracy.
Usman Ghazi sent a large number of lambs to Black Takfur as a wedding gift. Saying that they would go to the summer pasture after the wedding, he requested that their goods and women be taken to the fort and that the wedding take place in an open area. Techfor accepted these requests. Instead of supplies, Usman Ghazi loaded the horses with weapons and set off for Black along with 40 soldiers dressed as women. The soldiers entering the palace easily captured it as only the guards remained. Osman Ghazi emerged victorious in a clash with the Takfors at the marriage venue in Chakrapanar.
The bride, who was among the captives, converted to Islam with the name Nilofar and married Orhan Bey, son of Usman Ghazi. Thus, Bilecik, Yarhisar, Inegöl and Yenişehir were gradually conquered. Osman Gazi made Yenişehir the capital of the state. He rebuilt the conquered cities . He distributed the lands not as estates but as timars, i.e. to family members and commanders to collect their taxes and feed the soldiers in return. This was the first land law of the Ottomans.
Pacta Sand Saranda.
Meanwhile, the Mongols invaded Anatolia. On January 27, 1300, when the Seljuk Sultan Alauddin Kekubad III was imprisoned by the Alkhanate/Mongol ruler Ghazan Khan, the commanders pledged allegiance to Osman Ghazi in accordance with the old Turkish tradition. The independent Seljuk kingdoms declared their independence one after the other. In fact, their allegiance to the Seljuk Sultan had now shifted to the Mongols.
Centuries later during the reign of Sultan Abdülhamid II, this event was accepted as the founding date of the Ottoman Empire. After that, many chiefs and princes gathered around Usman Shah. Its small principality was important because of its strategic location near the border.
The Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II, unable to stop Osman Ghazi's activities through force, sent an army to march on Osman's Belek this time. Osman Ghazi defeated this army in 1301 at the Battle of Kuyun Hisar (Bafius) near Yaluwa. Osman Ghazi had his uncle Dindar Bey executed in 1302 because he refused to accept Osman's suzerainty for a long time and worked against him with Takfors.
In 1306, Tekfor of Bursa and his allied Tekfors were defeated at Danboz. In the same year, the Ottomans concluded their first military agreement with Takfar of Ulawabat. The Takfur of Ulawabat surrendered the other Tekfurs to Uthman on the condition that he would not attack the fort or cross the bridge in front of the city. Following the principle of "pacta sint sarunda", no Ottoman sultan ever crossed the bridge and used boats to cross the Chapraz river whenever necessary.
win hearts
Osman Ghazi reached the Sea of Marmara in 1307, taking Madaniya. A naval base was established on Amarali Island. In fact, according to some Western sources, Osman Ghazi launched an expedition to the Aegean island of Rhodes. Owing to the harshness of Tekfors rule and high taxes, the peasants living in the lands east of the Sea of Marmara gratefully accepted Osman Ghazi's rule. Many of them accepted Islam and became apostates in the process. In fact, Kus Mihal, the Takfor of Harmankia, converted to Islam and took part in many military operations with Uthman. It continues till now.
From 1317 onwards, Osman primarily referred to his son Orhan Bey and commanders as "Alp" for most military operations. Osman Ghazi's main goal was the conquest of Bursa, which was a magnificent city at that time. However, attacking the fort resulted in the loss of many men, and this was against Usman Ghazi's character. For this reason, he chose to lay siege to the palace and win the hearts of the people.
Usman Ghazi, exhausted by his active life, fell ill. He died in 1324 or 1326 of an attack of gout. He was 66 or 68 years old. He ruled for 43 years. After the conquest of Bursa, his body was buried on a hill in the same city. One of his sons, Savcı Bey, was martyred in a battle. His younger son Orhan Bey succeeded his father. Osman's third son Alauddin Ali Pasha became the minister of Orhan. His other four sons served as military commanders during Orhan's reign. Another son of Osman Ghazi was also sent to the Seljuk palace to raise Ertugrul Ghazi.
Simple but pure logic
Uthman was a man of medium height with dark skin and round face, broad shoulders, and his torso was relatively long to his feet. He used to wear simple clothes. On his head he wore a Khorasani turban, a broad and long piece of cloth draped in a twisted form over a red broad-brimmed hat. His flag was white. He spoke clearly and simply. It was during his reign that the Turkish language ceased to be considered a vulgar language spoken by the common people and became a literary and sophisticated language.
In the chronicles, Uthman is described as a generous and just person. Every three days he would cook food in his kitchen and distribute it to the poor, widows and orphans. He had no interest in property. "He sought nothing but the consent of God and the prayers of the people," say the chronicles. When he died, Uthman left behind a few Arabian horses, swords, armor, a couple of oxen and a few sheep, leaving no property or money.
Usman Ghazi was also brave and dedicated. He was modest. He will not take any action without getting the opinion of the people around him. He respected scholars and Sufis. He just was. By appointing a judge in each town, he eliminated the interference of local administrators in justice. He established a system that would save the Muslim people from the miseries into which they fell. He was a simple Muslim, devoted to his religion, far from pretentiousness.
At the conquest of Carachisar, someone from Kutahiya appeared before him and demanded that he be authorized to collect market dues (aktrai). Usman Ghazi was apparently amazed at his simple and pure logic. "Do merchants owe you money that you want to get money from?" Usman Ghazi asked. When he realized that it was a tax paid to the government for the protection of the town, it was not against the Shari'ah and it was a long tradition of the Seljuk Sultans. He gave permission. This is the first law made in the Ottoman Empire. After that, the sultans got into the habit of making laws that were not against the Shari'ah.
Strategic skill
Osman Ghazi is not a medieval hero but one of the greatest figures of history. His kingdom, the smallest of the Anatolian belches (less than half the size of Switzerland), became the largest in the world in a century and a half. This was undoubtedly due to a remarkable strategy of Usman Ghazi as well as the efforts of his successors. In order to survive and rule this sensitive geography, he worked as carefully as if he were playing chess. His military life isn't all about fighting Techforce and taking random forts.
Osman divided the lands of the gradually disintegrating Byzantine Empire like a wedge. Its whole purpose was to reach the sea. Thus, he held the southern shores of Lakes Iznik and Ulubat and placed his belay between the Porsk and Sakarya rivers. Eventually, his Belek reached the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea on the coast of Madaniya at the mouth of the Sakarya River. There is no doubt that this talented ruler and his distinguished successors were blessed with windfall during this period.
Osman Ghazi's territory of 4,800 square kilometers (1,853 sq mi), which he inherited from his father, had grown to 16,000 square kilometers by the time of his death. It included the cities and towns of Bilecik, Domaniç, Eskişehir, Geyve, Taraklı, Akyazı, Hendek, Mudanya, Yenişehir and Inegöl in present-day Turkey. He appointed one of his own family or one of his commanders as governor for each of them. He tried to treat the enemy well and kept his promises until he was attacked.
The Ottoman Constitution
Osman's will to his son, which is almost like the Constitution of the Ottoman Empire, is recorded in history books in one verse. It means something like this: "In the end, everyone will die." I request you to forget anything other than the service of religion. Our aim is to work in the way of Allah and spread His religion. Otherwise, our case is not one of futile fighting and victory. Let justice prevail in the country. Respect the scholars so that the affairs of Sharia are right. Do not be proud of the abundance of soldiers and wealth. Do not even wish for any work that is against religion/law. Be kind to everyone. See your domestic affairs thoroughly. Work day and night for the safety and welfare of your people. That's how you earn God's grace!"
Herbert Adams Gibbons (1934), an American writer known for his theory of the establishment of the Ottoman Empire, prefers Osman Bey to rulers who relied on the support of the entire community, such as Attila, Genghis or Timur. Osman's work is more consistent and more influential than his. while others wreaked havoc with the sound of pipes and trumpets. He has acted calmly and created a state.” Alphonse de Lamartine (d. 1869), the French writer who traveled throughout the Ottoman Empire, described him as merely logical, but intelligent, impartial and truthful. Hoye said: “He advanced step by step in his conquests, pausing after each conquest. It progressed slowly. But never back down. This is the secret of all great statesmen."
Usman Ghazi's careful development, encouraging those around him and drawing his subjects to a holy cause, and his compassion for scholars and Sufis were inherited by his successors. The society he left became a center of attraction both materially and spiritually. The honor of the idealistic and ambitious men who rallied around this cause in Anatolia and even the Islamic world, who in 50 years made his Belek one of the most powerful states in the world, belongs to Osman Ghazi.
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